Train services at Valkenburg on February 9, 2024

This page shows all trains which have departed from station Valkenburg on Friday, February 9, 2024. This includes all trains scheduled to depart, including trains which were eventually cancelled.

Services which were cancelled in advance, for example due to engineering works, are not included in this overview.

« Thu 8 February Sat 10 February »
Valkenburg
Friday, February 9, 2024
Total services 143
On time 103 (72%)
Cancelled services 28 (20%)
Delayed trains* 12 (8%)
* trains delayed for 5 minutes or more, excluding cancelled services

Train services

Click on a service to view the entire route and delays along the route. Visit live departures for Valkenburg for live information.

05:00 – 06:00

2 services, 0 cancelled (0%), 0 delayed (0%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
05:35 05:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32005 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
05:55 05:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32008 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

06:00 – 07:00

6 services, 1 cancelled (16.7%), 1 delayed (16.7%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
06:04 06:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18909 —
Train is cancelled
06:05 06:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32007 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
06:25 06:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32010 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
06:35 06:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32009 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
06:54 +2 06:55 +1 Maastricht Sneltrein 18910 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
06:55 06:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32012 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

07:00 – 08:00

8 services, 2 cancelled (25%), 2 delayed (25%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
07:04 07:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18913 —
Train is cancelled
07:05 07:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32011 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
07:24 07:25 Maastricht Sneltrein 18912 —
Train is cancelled
07:25 +1 07:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32014 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
07:34 07:35 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18915 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
07:35 07:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32013 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
07:54 +2 07:55 +1 Maastricht Sneltrein 18914 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
07:55 07:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32016 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

08:00 – 09:00

8 services, 3 cancelled (37.5%), 3 delayed (37.5%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
08:04 08:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18917 —
Train is cancelled
08:05 08:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32015 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
08:24 08:25 Maastricht Sneltrein 18916 —
Train is cancelled
08:25 08:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32018 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
08:34 +2 08:35 +2 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18919 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
08:35 08:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32017 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
08:54 +14 08:55 Maastricht Sneltrein 18918 3
Train did not depart
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
08:55 08:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32020 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

09:00 – 10:00

11 services, 9 cancelled (81.8%), 9 delayed (81.8%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
09:04 09:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18921 —
Train is cancelled
09:04 09:05 +9 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 318921 3
Train did not arrive
09:05 09:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32019 2
Train did not depart
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
09:05 09:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 332019 —
Train is cancelled
09:24 +19 09:25 Maastricht Sneltrein 18920 3
Train did not depart
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
09:25 +1 09:26 +1 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32022 3
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
09:34 09:35 +13 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18923 3
Train did not arrive
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
09:35 +1 09:36 +4 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32021 3
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
09:54 09:55 Maastricht Sneltrein 18922 —
Train is cancelled
09:55 09:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32024 —
Train is cancelled
09:55 09:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 332024 2
Train did not arrive

10:00 – 11:00

8 services, 3 cancelled (37.5%), 3 delayed (37.5%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
10:04 10:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18925 —
Train is cancelled
10:05 +1 10:06 +1 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32023 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
10:24 +1 10:25 Maastricht Sneltrein 18924 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
10:25 10:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32026 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
10:34 10:35 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18927 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
10:35 10:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32025 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
10:54 +30 10:55 Maastricht Sneltrein 18926 3
Train did not depart
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
10:55 10:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32028 —
Train is cancelled

11:00 – 12:00

8 services, 1 cancelled (12.5%), 1 delayed (12.5%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
11:04 11:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18929 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
11:05 11:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32027 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
11:24 +7 11:25 +6 Maastricht Sneltrein 18928 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
11:25 11:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32030 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
11:34 11:35 +6 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18931 3
Train did not arrive
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
11:35 +4 11:36 +4 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32029 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
11:54 11:55 Maastricht Sneltrein 18930 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
11:55 11:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32032 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

12:00 – 13:00

8 services, 2 cancelled (25%), 2 delayed (25%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
12:04 +1 12:05 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18933 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
12:05 12:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32031 —
Train is cancelled
12:24 12:25 Maastricht Sneltrein 18932 —
Train is cancelled
12:25 12:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32034 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
12:34 +1 12:35 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18935 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
12:35 +2 12:36 +2 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32033 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
12:54 +1 12:55 +1 Maastricht Sneltrein 18934 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
12:55 12:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32036 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

13:00 – 14:00

8 services, 2 cancelled (25%), 2 delayed (25%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
13:04 13:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18937 —
Train is cancelled
13:05 13:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32035 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
13:24 +1 13:25 Maastricht Sneltrein 18936 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
13:25 13:26 +1 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32038 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
13:34 13:35 Heerlen Sneltrein 18939 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
13:35 13:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32037 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
13:54 13:55 Maastricht Sneltrein 18938 —
Train is cancelled
13:55 13:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32040 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

14:00 – 15:00

8 services, 1 cancelled (12.5%), 1 delayed (12.5%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
14:04 +1 14:05 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18941 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
14:05 14:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32039 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
14:24 +4 14:25 +4 Maastricht Sneltrein 18940 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
14:25 14:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32042 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
14:34 14:35 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18943 —
Train is cancelled
14:35 +2 14:36 +2 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32041 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
14:54 +4 14:55 +4 Maastricht Sneltrein 18942 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
14:55 +2 14:56 +1 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32044 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

15:00 – 16:00

8 services, 1 cancelled (12.5%), 1 delayed (12.5%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
15:04 15:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18945 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
15:05 +3 15:06 +3 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32043 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
15:24 15:25 Maastricht Sneltrein 18944 —
Train is cancelled
15:25 15:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32046 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
15:34 +1 15:35 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18947 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
15:35 +7 15:36 +6 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32045 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
15:54 +3 15:55 +3 Maastricht Sneltrein 18946 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
15:55 +1 15:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32048 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

16:00 – 17:00

8 services, 1 cancelled (12.5%), 1 delayed (12.5%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
16:04 16:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18949 —
Train is cancelled
16:05 +1 16:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32047 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
16:24 +5 16:25 +5 Maastricht Sneltrein 18948 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
16:25 16:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32050 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
16:34 16:35 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18951 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
16:35 +2 16:36 +2 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32049 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
16:54 16:55 Maastricht Sneltrein 18950 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
16:55 16:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32052 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

17:00 – 18:00

8 services, 0 cancelled (0%), 0 delayed (0%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
17:04 +1 17:05 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18953 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
17:05 17:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32051 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
17:24 17:25 Maastricht Sneltrein 18952 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
17:25 17:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32054 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
17:34 17:35 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18955 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
17:35 17:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32053 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
17:54 +1 17:55 +1 Maastricht Sneltrein 18954 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
17:55 17:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32056 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

18:00 – 19:00

8 services, 0 cancelled (0%), 0 delayed (0%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
18:04 +1 18:05 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18957 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
18:05 18:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32055 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
18:24 +4 18:25 +4 Maastricht Sneltrein 18956 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
18:25 18:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32058 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
18:34 +1 18:35 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18959 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
18:35 +2 18:36 +1 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32057 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
18:54 +6 18:55 +5 Maastricht Sneltrein 18958 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
18:55 +1 18:56 +1 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32060 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

19:00 – 20:00

7 services, 0 cancelled (0%), 0 delayed (0%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
19:04 +1 19:05 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18961 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
19:05 +6 19:06 +5 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32059 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
19:24 +9 19:25 +8 Maastricht Sneltrein 18960 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
19:25 19:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32062 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
19:35 +8 19:36 +8 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32061 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
19:54 +35 19:55 +34 Maastricht Sneltrein 18962 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
19:55 19:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32064 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

20:00 – 21:00

6 services, 0 cancelled (0%), 0 delayed (0%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
20:04 +1 20:05 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18965 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
20:05 20:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32063 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
20:25 20:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32066 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
20:35 +2 20:36 +1 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32065 2
FLIRT ARR-2
FLIRT ARR-2 ->
20:54 +4 20:55 +4 Maastricht Sneltrein 18966 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
20:55 20:56 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32068 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

21:00 – 22:00

6 services, 1 cancelled (16.7%), 1 delayed (16.7%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
21:04 +1 21:05 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18969 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
21:05 +2 21:06 +2 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32067 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
21:25 21:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32070 —
Train is cancelled
21:35 21:36 +1 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32069 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
21:54 +2 21:55 +1 Maastricht Sneltrein 18970 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
21:55 21:56 +1 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32072 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

22:00 – 23:00

6 services, 1 cancelled (16.7%), 1 delayed (16.7%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
22:04 +1 22:05 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18973 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
22:05 22:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32071 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
22:25 22:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32074 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
22:35 22:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32073 —
Train is cancelled
22:54 +4 22:55 +4 Maastricht Sneltrein 18974 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
22:55 +3 22:56 +3 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32076 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

23:00 – 24:00

6 services, 2 cancelled (33.3%), 2 delayed (33.3%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
23:04 +4 23:05 +4 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18977 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
23:05 +2 23:06 +2 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32075 2
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->
23:25 23:26 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32078 —
Train is cancelled
23:35 23:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32077 —
Train is cancelled
23:54 +4 23:55 +4 Maastricht Sneltrein 18978 2
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
23:55 +2 23:56 +3 Kerkrade Centrum Stoptrein 32080 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

00:00 – 01:00

5 services, 2 cancelled (40%), 2 delayed (40%)

Arr. Dep. Destination Train Platf.
00:04 +1 00:05 +1 Aachen Hbf Sneltrein 18981 1
FLIRT LMS-3
FLIRT LMS-3 ->
00:05 00:06 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32079 —
Train is cancelled
00:25 00:26 Heerlen Stoptrein 32082 —
Train is cancelled
00:35 +1 00:36 Maastricht Randwyck Stoptrein 32081 2
FLIRT ARR-2FLIRT ARR-2
FLIRT ARR-2, FLIRT ARR-2 ->
00:55 +32 00:56 +31 Heerlen Stoptrein 32084 1
GTW-E-ARR-2/8GTW-E-ARR-2/8
GTW-E-ARR-2/8, GTW-E-ARR-2/8 ->

Train drawings: © Arthur Pijpers, Wiek Vlasma and others